Bài giảng Tiếng Anh Lớp 12 - Unit 3: Ways of socializing - Lesson 5: Language focus

waiting for Michael to return. 
* Practise reading these sentences: 
Grammar: Reported Speech 
1. Change in pronouns: 
- I/We Subject 
Ex: I He/She; me him/her, my his/her 
 We They; us them; our their 
- You Object 
Ex: You (S) He/She/I/We/They 
 You (O) him/her/me 
 your his/her/my/our/their 
- He/She/It/They ø 
2. Changes in tenses: 
Direct speech 
Reported speech 
Present simple 
Past simple 
Present progressive 
Past progressive 
Past simple 
Past simple/Past perfect 
Past progressive 
Past progressive/Past perfect progressive 
Present perfect 
Past perfect 
Present perfect progressive 
Past perfect progressive 
Past perfect 
Past perfect 
Past perfect progressive 
Past perfect progressive 
3. Changes in time, place and demonstrative heads: 
Direct speech 
Reported speech 
time 
now 
today 
tonight 
tomorrow 
yesterday 
last night 
two days ago 
then/immediately 
that day 
that night 
the next/following day 
the day before/the previous day 
the night before 
two days before/earlier 
place 
here 
there 
demonstrative heads 
this 
these 
that 
those 
KINDS OF REPORTED SPEECH 
Imperative: 
a . Positive: S + asked / told / ordered / + O + to V o  
b. Negative: S + asked / told / ordered / + O + not + to V o  
Ex : He said to them, “Don't tell me such a nonsense!” 
 He told them not to tell him such a nonsense. 
Notes: 
 V o to V o 
 Don’t V o not to V o 
 2. Statement: 
 S + told + O / said + (that) + S + V (lùi 1 thì) 
Ex: ”I have just bought you a new hat,” my mother said to me. 
 => My mother told me / said that she had just bought me a new hat. 
 3. Yes/No question: 
 S + asked + O + if/whether + S + V(lùi 1 thì) 
Ex: ”Have you ever been to Europe before?” my friend asked me. 
 => My friend asked me if I had ever been to Europe before. 
 4. Wh question: 
 S + asked +O+ Wh-word + S + V(lùi 1 thì) 
Ex: “ How many books did you buy yesterday?” my mother asked my sister. 
 => My mother asked my sister how many books she had bought the previous day. 
5. Advice: 
 S + should/had better/ought to/be supposed + V 0 
 or If I were you/ I would + V/ Why don’t you 
=> S + advised (sb) + to do sth 
 Ex : “ You should clean your room tomorrow,” my mother said. 
 My mother advised me to clean my room the following day 
6. Suggestion: 
 Let’s/why don’t we/shall we + V 0 
 or What/ how about + V ing 
S + suggested (that)+ S+ should +V 0 
S + suggested + V ing 
 Ex : “ Why don’t we tell her the truth?” he said. 
 => He suggested telling her the truth. 
7. Greeting: 
 S + said “ Hello/Good.” + to sb 
Ex : “ Good morning,how are you?” he said to me. 
 =>He said “good morning” to me and asked how I was. 
8.Offer : 
 S + offered + to do sth 
Ex : “Shall I take off your coat?”,I said to her. 
 I offered to take off her coat. 
9. Apology: 
 I’m sorry for sth 
 => S + apologized for doing sth 
 Ex : " I am sorry for being late" 
 => He apologized for being late. 
 10. Invitation : 
 	 - Would you like sth 
 	- Have sth 
	- Will you have sth 
 	- Would you like to do sth 
 - Could you do sth 
 => S + invited sb + to do sth 
Ex : "Would you like to go to the cinema with me?“ he said to me. 
 => He invited me to go to the cinema with him. 
11.Thanks: 
S + thanked + O + for + V ing 
Ex: “ It was very nice of you to give me the present. Thank you,” Lan said to Nam . 
 Lan thanked Nam for giving her the present. 
 Reported speech with to infinitive 
 S + V + O + (not) to infinitive 
( Verbs: advise, encourage, persuade, order, warn, expect, tell) 
Reported speech with gerund 
 S + V + (O) + prep + (not) V ing 
 ( Verbs: thank sb for, accuse sb of, congratulate sb on, warn sb against, apologize sb for, dream of, object to, prevent/stop sb from) 
Grammar 
Exercise :1 
“ going to work in Ho Chi Minh City .” 
Tell your friend what Thuan said: 
I’m 
I’m 
next July 
next July 
Thuan said going to w